Knee
Meniscus tears
How to put a knee MRI in context
What it means
The menisci are fibrocartilage pads between the thigh and shin bones. Tears may follow a twist or appear gradually. MRI changes are common in middle-aged and older adults without knee symptoms, so injury history and exam matter. [1, 2]
What I check in the clinic
I ask about the twist or change that started it, how quickly the knee swelled, and whether it can fully straighten. If a squat or stair is the problem, we can check what changes with depth or support.
What the evidence says about care
The ESCAPE trial found exercise-based physical therapy was noninferior to partial meniscectomy for patient-reported function at five years in its degenerative-tear group. A separate placebo-controlled trial found no long-term symptomatic benefit from partial meniscectomy for its degenerative-tear group. Recent traumatic injuries may raise different questions. [2, 3]
Common questions
My scan says meniscus tear. Why can I walk fine but hurt turning in the kitchen?
I’d ask how it started and which part of the turn bothers you. If it’s appropriate to check, we can compare a small change in how you turn alongside the exam and scan.
What should I track if my knee felt better here but swells later?
Tell me what you did and when you noticed the swelling. The immediate movement and the later response both help us decide what amount of activity fits right now.
Why is a shallow squat fine and kneeling to pick something up harder?
I’d ask where the familiar feeling begins and how the knee feels afterward. We can compare a range you already tolerate before deciding what to check next.
What do you mean by a knee that’s stuck?
I’d ask whether you can physically straighten it, or whether it hurts enough that you stop. If it locks after an injury, follow the medical assessment guidance above.
What if my knee is stuck after an injury?
Get medical care promptly if the knee locks or you can’t put weight on it. [4]
What should I bring to an evaluation?
Bring one example of a movement or activity you want back, along with any relevant imaging or treatment notes you already have.